{"id":1227,"date":"2021-02-12T12:27:04","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T10:27:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/?p=1227"},"modified":"2021-02-12T12:27:06","modified_gmt":"2021-02-12T10:27:06","slug":"timpul-carnavalului-farsangul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/timpul-carnavalului-farsangul\/","title":{"rendered":"Timpul carnavalului F\u0103r\u0219angul"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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La auzul cuv\u00e2ntului \u201ef\u0103r\u0219ang\u201d, toat\u0103 lumea se g\u00e2nde\u0219te la distrac\u021bie, dans, la bal mascat. Pu\u021bini dintre oameni \u0219tiu \u00eens\u0103 ce se s\u0103rb\u0103tore\u0219te \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103, c\u00e2nd \u00eencepe \u0219i c\u00e2nd se sf\u00e2r\u0219e\u0219te.<\/div>\n
Cercet\u0103torii au descoperit, \u00een unele \u00eensemn\u0103ri din secolul al XV-lea, c\u0103 oamenii vremii, \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 a anului, se \u00eembr\u0103cau \u00een vestimenta\u021bia unor personaje, se mascau.<\/div>\n
Secole la r\u00e2nd, \u201ef\u0103r\u0219ang\u201d-ul reprezenta o s\u0103rb\u0103toare care, de regul\u0103, \u00eencepea dup\u0103 Boboteaz\u0103 (6 ianuarie) \u0219i \u021binea p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u00eenceputul postului mare (postul negru) \u0219i se repeta anual. Acest interval de timp era o perioad\u0103 \u00een care oamenii \u00ee\u0219i luau r\u0103mas bun de la iarn\u0103, a\u0219teptau prim\u0103vara \u0219i \u00eentruchipau lupta simbolic\u0103 dintre iarn\u0103 \u0219i prim\u0103var\u0103.<\/div>\n
Obiceiurile legate de aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 aveau menirea de a prezenta apropierea prim\u0103verii. \u00cenmorm\u00e2ntarea iernii reprezenta, totodat\u0103, \u0219i alungarea r\u0103ului acumulat peste an. \u021a\u0103ranii \u00eembr\u0103cau un manechin f\u0103cut din paie, reprezent\u00e2nd \u201ef\u0103r\u0219ang\u201d-ul, care, \u00een cadrul unei petreceri, era ars. Au existat localit\u0103\u021bi \u00een care lupta dintre iarn\u0103 \u0219i prim\u0103var\u0103 a fost prezentat\u0103\/jucat\u0103 de persoane costumate ca atare. Spre sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestei perioade persoanele costumate umblau din gospod\u0103rie \u00een gospod\u0103rie s\u0103 adune dona\u021bii pentru muzican\u021bii care participau la aceast\u0103 s\u0103rb\u0103toare.<\/div>\n
Odinioar\u0103 nun\u021bile erau organizate tot \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103, deoarece \u00een imagina\u021bia popular\u0103 persista un crez conform c\u0103ruia exist\u0103 o str\u00e2ns\u0103 leg\u0103tur\u0103 \u00eentre natura care se treze\u0219te \u0219i tinerii \u00eensur\u0103\u021bei. Un rol semnificativ \u00een alegerea partenerului de via\u021b\u0103 l-au avut balurile organizate \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103. Uneori se \u00eent\u00e2mpla ca fetele care r\u0103m\u00e2neau nelogodite sau nem\u0103ritate s\u0103 fie luate \u00een der\u00e2dere.<\/div>\n
Ultima zi a f\u0103r\u0219angului, numit\u0103 \u201emar\u021bea l\u0103s\u0103rii c\u0103rnii\u201d, (h\u00fashagy\u00f3kedd \u2013 cu 47 de zile \u00eenainte de Pa\u0219te), reprezint\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenceputul perioadei postului negru. \u00cen aceast\u0103 zi b\u0103ie\u021bii costuma\u021bi vizitau gospod\u0103riile localit\u0103\u021bii, invitau gazdele la bal, jucau fetele gospod\u0103riei \u0219i cereau bani pentru muzicieni.<\/div>\n
\u00cen func\u021bie de localit\u0103\u021bi, obiceiul se desf\u0103\u0219ura \u00een diferite moduri, fie prin parad\u0103, fie obiceiul era prezentat \u00een spa\u021bii \u00eenchise, de regul\u0103 la \u0219ez\u0103tori.<\/div>\n
Paradele carnavalului erau organizate \u00een localit\u0103\u021bi mai mari \u2013 comune sau ora\u0219e. Participan\u021bii la aceste parade se costumau \u00een diferite personaje \u2013 frizer, preot, comerciant, cer\u0219etor , medic, mireas\u0103, mire etc., iar dialogul dintre acestea erau, de multe ori, improvizat de c\u0103tre participan\u021bi \u0219i aveau menirea de a prezenta calit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i defectele personajului pe care \u00eel \u00eentruchipau\/jucau. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 aceste personaje omene\u0219ti, participan\u021bii se deghizau cu drag \u0219i \u00een animale precum ursul, calul, \u021bapul etc.<\/div>\n
Acest vechi obicei, cu tradi\u021bie de sute de ani, a fost readus la via\u021b\u0103, \u00een mai multe localit\u0103\u021bi ale jude\u021bului Mure\u0219, precum C\u00e2mpeni\u021ba, Breaza, F\u00e2nt\u00e2nele, S\u00e2ncrai, S\u00e2ngeorgiu de Mure\u0219, Gl\u0103j\u0103rie. Specificul obiceiului \u00een aceste localit\u0103\u021bi era c\u0103 personajele prezentate erau \u00eentruchipate numai de b\u0103ie\u021bi. Dup\u0103 ce se aduna ceata de comedian\u021bi, ace\u0219tia treceau pe la fiecare poart\u0103 a localit\u0103\u021bii, unde erau omeni\u021bi de c\u0103tre gazdele care, ulterior, erau invitate la bal. Dup\u0103 colindarea fiec\u0103rei gospod\u0103rii, distrac\u021bia se muta \u00een c\u0103minul cultural al localit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i \u021binea p\u00e2n\u0103 a doua zi diminea\u021b\u0103.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Text: Kozma Jozsef, muzeograf<\/div>\n
Fotografii reprezent\u00e2nd \u201dF\u0103r\u0219angul\u201d, \u00een localitatea Breaza, Mure\u0219, 1990-2006, arhiva personal\u0103 Demeter Aranka.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La auzul cuv\u00e2ntului \u201ef\u0103r\u0219ang\u201d, toat\u0103 lumea se g\u00e2nde\u0219te la distrac\u021bie, dans, la bal mascat. Pu\u021bini dintre oameni \u0219tiu \u00eens\u0103 ce se s\u0103rb\u0103tore\u0219te \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103, c\u00e2nd \u00eencepe \u0219i c\u00e2nd se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1227","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1227"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1227\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}