{"id":1238,"date":"2021-02-18T12:28:51","date_gmt":"2021-02-18T10:28:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/?p=1238"},"modified":"2021-02-18T12:28:53","modified_gmt":"2021-02-18T10:28:53","slug":"colectia-de-fiare-de-calcat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/colectia-de-fiare-de-calcat\/","title":{"rendered":"Colec\u021bia de fiare de c\u0103lcat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div dir=\"auto\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1239\" src=\"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-300x201.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-1024x686.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-1536x1028.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/150855115_3854494521273703_2614229482820826323_o.jpg 1918w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Studiind obiectele de patrimoniu, descoperim o lume bogat\u0103 dar \u0219i diferit\u0103 de cea cu care suntem obi\u0219nui\u021bi, aceste obiecte fiind o expresie a manifest\u0103rii inteligen\u021bei \u0219i creativit\u0103\u021bii oamenilor de-a lungul timpului dar \u0219i a identit\u0103\u021bii noastre. \u00cen patrimoniul muzeului avem c\u00e2teva fiare de c\u0103lcat, dat\u00e2nd din sec. XX, din font\u0103 turnat\u0103, care func\u021bionau prin \u00eenc\u0103lzire, cu jar sau c\u0103rbuni aprin\u0219i, \u0219i prin v\u00e2nturare. Acestea au fost folosite p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een jurul anilor &#8217;60-&#8217;70.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Procesul de c\u0103lcare a hainelor este vechi, evolu\u00e2nd \u00een paralel cu confec\u021bionarea \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103mintei. Se consider\u0103 c\u0103 prima unealt\u0103 pentru c\u0103lcatul hainelor a fost o piatr\u0103 mare, grea, compact\u0103 care se aplica peste haine. Haina era \u00eentins\u0103 pe o suprafa\u0163\u0103 neted\u0103, peste care se a\u0219eza piatra \u0219i se l\u0103sa pentru o perioad\u0103 de timp. Aceast\u0103 forma de a netezi hainele, prin presare, era cunoscut\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 din Grecia Antic\u0103<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Din secolul al XVII-lea \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2rsi\u021bul sec al XIX -lea se folosea, ca unealt\u0103 de netezit hainele, \u00een gospod\u0103riile \u021b\u0103r\u0103ne\u0219ti, maiul de p\u00e2nz\u0103 sau sc\u00e2ndura, \u201em\u0103ng\u0103l\u0103ul\u201d \u2013 obiect de lemn lung \u0219i dreptunghiular cu suprafa\u0163a ondulat\u0103, pe care se netezeau rufele groase. Acestea erau sp\u0103late la r\u00e2u, \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urate, b\u0103tute \u00een mod repetat \u0219i \u00eentinse la uscat, maiul fiind un precursor al fierului de c\u0103lcat \u00eenc\u0103lzit.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Exist\u0103 o evolu\u021bie a instrumentelor de c\u0103lcat, pentru c\u0103 uneltele de lucru au evoluat odat\u0103 cu progresul omenirii. \u00cent\u00e2lnit \u0219i cu denumirea de \u201eticl\u0103zeu\u201d sau \u201ebighil\u0103u\u201d, \u00een Transilvania, fierul de c\u0103lcat \u00eenc\u0103lzit apare \u00een sec XVII, iar din a doua jum\u0103tate a sec. XIX, apar cele \u00eenc\u0103lzite cu jar\/c\u0103rbune. Cele mai vechi metode de \u00eenc\u0103lzire a fierului de c\u0103lcat au fost prin \u00eenc\u0103lzirea direct\u0103 la foc, apoi cea cu jar, c\u0103rbune, cu gaz, iar apoi cu energie electric\u0103.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">\u00cen general, istoria fiarelor de c\u0103lcat este str\u00e2ns legat\u0103 de istoria modei, iar instrumentele de c\u0103lcat au fost produse de-a lungul timpului ca r\u0103spuns la necesitatea de a c\u0103lca haine \u00een func\u021bie de stilul vestimentar promovat de mod\u0103. Acestea au generat \u0219i o evolu\u021bie variat\u0103 de fiare de c\u0103lcat at\u00e2t prin form\u0103 c\u00e2t \u0219i prin modul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studiind obiectele de patrimoniu, descoperim o lume bogat\u0103 dar \u0219i diferit\u0103 de cea cu care suntem obi\u0219nui\u021bi, aceste obiecte fiind o expresie a manifest\u0103rii inteligen\u021bei \u0219i creativit\u0103\u021bii oamenilor de-a lungul [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1238"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1238\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.muzeulreghin.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}